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Divinatory, esoteric and occult tarot
Tarot reading is the belief in using cards to gain insight into the past, current and future situations by posing a question to the cards, i.e. cartomancy. Variations on the reasons for such belief range from believing on guidance by a spiritual force, to belief that the cards are but instruments used to tap either into a collective unconscious or into their own creative, brainstorming subconscious. The divinatory meanings of the cards commonly used today are derived mostly from cartomancer Jean-Baptiste Alliette (also known as Etteilla) and Mlle Marie-Anne Adelaide Lenormand (1776-1843).〔Ronald Decker and Michael Dummett, ''History of the Occult Tarot'', London: Duckworth, 2002 ISBN 978-0715631225〕〔Robert Place, ''The Tarot: History, Symbolism, and Divination'', New York: Tarcher/Penguin, 2005 ISBN 978-1585423491〕 The belief in the divinatory meaning of the cards is closely associated with a belief in their occult, divine, and mystical properties: a belief constructed in the 18th century by prominent Protestant clerics and freemasons.〔Michael Dummett. The Game of Tarot. London: Duckworth, 1980. ISBN 0715631225〕
==Major and Minor Arcana==
Tarot decks of seventy-eight cards have fourteen cards per suit plus the twenty-two trumps or only the twenty-two trump cards. The trumps and suits were part of a trump style game with many historical and national variations.〔 It was Ellic Howe, writing under the name Ély Star coined the terms 'major arcana' and 'minor arcana'〔in his 1888 book entitled ''Mystères de l'horoscope.''〕 In modern times suit cards are Pentacles, Swords, Cups, and Wands. Trumps are cards like the Fool, The Magician, et al. Since the introduction of the cartomantic and occult tarot there have been ongoing attempts to "get it right."〔 Subsequently the names of both have been played with over time.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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